{"id":7821,"date":"2025-10-13T14:31:38","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T11:31:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/articles\/closed-loop-corona-generator\/"},"modified":"2025-12-28T14:58:37","modified_gmt":"2025-12-28T11:58:37","slug":"closed-loop-corona-generator-cn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/articles\/closed-loop-corona-generator-cn\/","title":{"rendered":"\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u51a0\u72b6\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u8bc1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7821\" class=\"elementor elementor-7821 elementor-7793\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03295b9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"03295b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2402ce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"2402ce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><h2 class=\"custom-entry-title\">\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u51a0\u72b6\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u8bc1<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29f2f44 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"29f2f44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2de26f elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f2de26f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\nwindow.MathJax = {\n  tex: {\n    inlineMath: [['$', '$'], ['\\\\(', '\\\\)']],\n    displayMath: [['$$', '$$'], ['\\\\[', '\\\\]']]\n  },\n  svg: {\n    fontCache: 'global'\n  }\n};\n<\/script>\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/mathjax\/3.2.2\/es5\/tex-mml-chtml.min.js\"><\/script>\n<script>\ndocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n  setTimeout(function() {\n    if (window.MathJax && window.MathJax.typesetPromise) {\n      window.MathJax.typesetPromise().then(function() {\n        \/\/ \u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b\n        const equations = document.querySelectorAll('mjx-container[display=\"true\"]');\n        equations.forEach(function(eq) {\n          if (!eq.closest('.math-scroll-wrapper')) {\n            const wrapper = document.createElement('div');\n            wrapper.className = 'math-scroll-wrapper';\n            eq.parentNode.insertBefore(wrapper, eq);\n            wrapper.appendChild(eq);\n          }\n        });\n      });\n    }\n  }, 1500);\n});\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n\/* \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 *\/\n.math-scroll-wrapper {\n  width: 100%;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  overflow-y: hidden;\n  padding: 10px 0;\n  margin: 15px 0;\n  border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;\n  border-radius: 5px;\n  background: #fafafa;\n  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;\n}\n\n.math-scroll-wrapper mjx-container {\n  min-width: max-content;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n  margin: 0 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b *\/\n.math-scroll-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar {\n  height: 8px;\n}\n\n.math-scroll-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-track {\n  background: #f1f1f1;\n  border-radius: 10px;\n}\n\n.math-scroll-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {\n  background: #888;\n  border-radius: 10px;\n}\n\n.math-scroll-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {\n  background: #555;\n}\n\n\/* \u0418\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438 *\/\n.math-scroll-wrapper::before {\n  content: \"\u2190 scroll to view full formula \u2192\";\n  display: block;\n  text-align: center;\n  font-size: 11px;\n  color: #666;\n  margin-bottom: 5px;\n  font-style: italic;\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 1200px) {\n  .math-scroll-wrapper::before {\n    display: none;\n  }\n  \n  .math-scroll-wrapper {\n    border: none;\n    background: transparent;\n    overflow: visible;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* \u0410\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b *\/\ntable {\n  width: 100% !important;\n  border-collapse: collapse !important;\n  margin: 20px 0 !important;\n  font-size: 14px !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 *\/\n.table-wrapper {\n  width: 100%;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;\n  margin: 20px 0;\n  border: 1px solid #ddd;\n  border-radius: 5px;\n}\n\n.table-wrapper table {\n  margin: 0 !important;\n  min-width: 600px; \/* \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b *\/\n}\n\n\/* \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 CSS *\/\ntable {\n  display: block;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  overflow-y: hidden;\n  max-width: 100%;\n}\n\ntable thead,\ntable tbody,\ntable tr {\n  display: table;\n  width: 100%;\n  table-layout: fixed;\n}\n\ntable thead {\n  width: calc(100% - 17px); \/* \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430 *\/\n}\n\n\/* \u0421\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435\u043a \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b *\/\ntable th,\ntable td {\n  padding: 8px 12px !important;\n  text-align: left !important;\n  border: 1px solid #ddd !important;\n  word-wrap: break-word !important;\n  display: table-cell !important;\n  white-space: normal !important;\n}\n\ntable th {\n  background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;\n  font-weight: bold !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u041c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n  table {\n    font-size: 12px !important;\n  }\n  \n  table th,\n  table td {\n    padding: 6px 8px !important;\n  }\n  \n  \/* \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 - \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 *\/\n  @media (max-width: 480px) {\n    .mobile-table-stack table,\n    .mobile-table-stack thead,\n    .mobile-table-stack tbody,\n    .mobile-table-stack th,\n    .mobile-table-stack td,\n    .mobile-table-stack tr {\n      display: block !important;\n    }\n    \n    .mobile-table-stack thead tr {\n      position: absolute !important;\n      top: -9999px !important;\n      left: -9999px !important;\n    }\n    \n    .mobile-table-stack tr {\n      border: 1px solid #ccc !important;\n      margin-bottom: 10px !important;\n      padding: 10px !important;\n    }\n    \n    .mobile-table-stack td {\n      border: none !important;\n      position: relative !important;\n      padding-left: 50% !important;\n      padding-top: 10px !important;\n      padding-bottom: 10px !important;\n    }\n    \n    .mobile-table-stack td:before {\n      content: attr(data-label) \": \" !important;\n      position: absolute !important;\n      left: 6px !important;\n      width: 45% !important;\n      text-align: left !important;\n      font-weight: bold !important;\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n\/* \u0421\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0431\u0430\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 *\/\ntable::-webkit-scrollbar {\n  height: 10px;\n}\n\ntable::-webkit-scrollbar-track {\n  background: #f1f1f1;\n  border-radius: 5px;\n}\n\ntable::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {\n  background: #888;\n  border-radius: 5px;\n}\n\ntable::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {\n  background: #555;\n}\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e67cbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e67cbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong>O. Krishevich\uff0cV. Peretyachenko<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u9605\u8bfb\u524d\u63d0<\/h3>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u6fc0\u632f\u8361\u3001\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u3001\u8c10\u632f\u4e0e\u540c\u6b65\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u672c\u6587<strong>\u4e0d\u662f<\/strong>\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u58f0\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u662f<\/strong>\u201c\u51ed\u7a7a\u9020\u80fd\/\u4ece\u7a7a\u6c14\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f<\/strong>\u72ec\u7acb\u8ba1\u91cf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\uff08\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e\u7535\u538b\/\u7535\u6d41\u6ce2\u5f62\u7684\u6709\u529f\u529f\u7387\u6d4b\u91cf\u3001\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u5ea6\u9884\u7b97\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\/\u91cf\u70ed\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684<strong>\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f<strong>\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u95ed\u5408\u53cd\u9988\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fb9\u754c\u5185\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u201c\u6cf5\u6d66\u201d\u8865\u507f\u635f\u8017\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684<em>\u6781\u9650\u73af<\/em>\uff08\u81ea\u632f\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u3002\u5b83<strong>\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<\/strong>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f<strong>\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740<\/strong>\u4ee5\u5927\u529f\u7387\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u201c\u76f4\u63a5\u53d6\u80fd\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u4e8e\u51c0\u80fd\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u6548\u7387\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5<strong>\u660e\u786e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fb9\u754c<\/strong>\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u3001\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\uff08\u5982\u589e\u76ca\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u5ea6\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u5ea6\u7b49\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u56de\u8def\u5185\u7684\u53ef\u6d4b\u4f20\u9012\/\u653e\u5927\u56e0\u5b50\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u963b\u6297\u5207\u6362\u3001\u8c10\u632f\u5e45\u503c\u6bd4\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u6307\u6807\uff09\uff0c\u800c<strong>\u4e0d\u6784\u6210<\/strong>\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u589e\u76ca\u8d85\u8fc7\u603b\u6709\u529f\u8f93\u5165\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u5f15\u8a00<\/h3>\n<p>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u81ea\u6fc0\u632f\u8361\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u7ef4\u6301\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7535\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8Q\u8c10\u632f\u5355\u5143\u4e0e\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6781\u9650\u73af\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5728\u53d7\u9650\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u53ef\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u201c\u635f\u8017\u2014\u6cf5\u6d66\u201d\u5e73\u8861\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u632f\u8361\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u7406\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n<h4>\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/h4>\n<p>\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u9608\u503c\u4e0e\u7535\u6781\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u6709\u5173\uff08\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u5e38\u4ee5Peek\u7c7b\u578b\u5173\u7cfb\u8ba8\u8bba\u7535\u6655\u8d77\u59cb\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u7ea6\u5316\u7535\u573a<em>E\/p<\/em>\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u8fd11 atm\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u7535\u6655\u8d77\u59cb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7535\u573a\u53ef\u8fbe\u6570\u5341kV\/cm\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u968f\u7535\u6781\u66f2\u7387\u534a\u5f84\u3001\u8868\u9762\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u4e0e\u6e7f\u5ea6\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u663e\u8457\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96ea\u5d29\u7535\u79bb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3aTownsend\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ \\frac{\\alpha}{p} = A \\cdot \\exp\\left(-\\frac{B \\cdot p}{E}\\right) $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(\\alpha\\)\u4e3a\u4e00\u9636Townsend\u7535\u79bb\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\\(p\\)\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u529b\uff0c\\(A,B\\)\u4e3a\u4e0e\u6c14\u4f53\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5e38\u6570\uff08\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u5178\u578b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7a81\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u5bf9\u7ea6\u5316\u7535\u573a\\(E\/p\\)\u7684\u666e\u9002\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u952e\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/strong>\u80cc\u666f\u968f\u673a\u7535\u79bb\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u78b0\u649e\u540e\u53ef\u7535\u79bb\u66f4\u591a\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u6570\u76ee\u5448\u96ea\u5d29\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/articles\/xie-zhen-xi-tong-dian-dong-li-xue\/\">Townsend\u96ea\u5d29<\/a><\/strong>\u3002\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u653e\u7535\u901a\u9053\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u201c\u53ef\u63a7\u5bfc\u7535\u5143\u4ef6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b<\/h4>\n<p>\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4ecb\u8d28\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\u4e0b\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u504f\u79bbMaxwell\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u6709\u6548\u8f93\u8fd0\u7cfb\u6570\u4e0e\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7535\u6d41\u2014\u7535\u538b\u7279\u6027\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5f3a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\uff0c\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u653e\u7535\u5728\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0<strong>\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b<\/strong>\u533a\u57df\uff08\u5c40\u90e8\\(dV\/dI &lt; 0\\)\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u4ecb\u8d28\u53ef\u5728\u95ed\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5145\u5f53\u6709\u6548\u201c\u6709\u6e90\u5143\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u4f9b\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u632f\u8361\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee5\u8865\u507f\u635f\u8017\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ef4\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u632f\u8361\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\uff1a\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/h3>\n\n<h4>\u95ed\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5e45\u503c\u6761\u4ef6\uff09<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u95ed\u73af\u4f20\u9012\u7cfb\u6570\uff08\u5e45\u503c\uff09\u5927\u4e8e1\uff0c\u5e76\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u4f4d\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u81ea\u6fc0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ K_{\\text{loop}} = K_{\\text{gain}} \\times K_{\\text{fb}} &gt; 1 $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(K_{\\text{gain}}\\)\u4e3a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6709\u6e90\u73af\u8282\uff08\u653e\u7535\u4e0e\u963b\u6297\u5207\u6362\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u6709\u6548\u589e\u76ca\uff0c\\(K_{\\text{fb}}\\)\u4e3a\u7531\u8c10\u632f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u8026\u5408\u8def\u5f84\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u4f4d\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u632f\u8361\uff0c\u95ed\u73af\u603b\u76f8\u79fb\u9700\u6ee1\u8db3\\(2\\pi n\\)\uff08\\(n\\)\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u632f\u8361\u5668\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>Van der Pol\u632f\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u7b80\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u6620\u5c04\u4e3aVan der Pol\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ \\ddot{x} &#8211; \\mu(1-x^2)\\dot{x} + x = 0 $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(\\mu &gt; 0\\)\u8868\u793a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5c0f\u632f\u5e45\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5448\u73b0\u201c\u8d1f\u963b\u5c3c\u201d\uff08\u7b49\u6548\u6cf5\u6d66\uff09\uff0c\u632f\u5e45\u589e\u5927\u540e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8017\u6563\u589e\u5f3a\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u632f\u5e45\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684<strong>\u6781\u9650\u73af<\/strong>\uff08\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u6293\u4f4f\u81ea\u632f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u7531\u6270\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u5e76\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u9971\u548c\u4e0b\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u5b9a\u5468\u671f\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u540c\u6b65<\/h3>\n\n<h4>\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u653e\u7535\u6a21\u5757\u9891\u7387\u8c31\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728<strong>\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u5404\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u7565\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u9891\u7387\u9644\u8fd1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e14\u9891\u8c31\u4e92\u76f8\u8986\u76d6\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n  <li><p><strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5e73\u5747\u4e2d\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\uff1b<\/p><\/li>\n  <li><p><strong>\u6f02\u79fb\u8865\u507f\uff1a<\/strong>\u67d0\u6a21\u5757\u53c2\u6570\u6f02\u79fb\u53ef\u88ab\u5176\u5b83\u6a21\u5757\u90e8\u5206\u62b5\u6d88\uff1b<\/p><\/li>\n  <li><p><strong>\u8026\u5408\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u8026\u5408\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u51fa\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u5e72\/\u534f\u540c\u3002<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h4>\u7535\u78c1\u8026\u5408\u4e0eKuramoto\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f4d\u540c\u6b65<\/h4>\n<p>\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5f31\u7535\u78c1\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff08\u7535\u5bb9\/\u7535\u611f\u8026\u5408\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4ecb\u8d28\u8026\u5408\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u662fKuramoto\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u540c\u6b65\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7528\u5e8f\u53c2\u91cf\\(r\\)\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ r e^{i\\Psi} = \\frac{1}{N}\\sum_{j=1}^N e^{i\\theta_j} $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(r \\in [0,1]\\)\u8868\u793a\u540c\u6b65\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff08\\(r=0\\)\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\\(r=1\\)\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u6b65\uff09\uff0c\\(\\Psi\\)\u4e3a\u5e73\u5747\u76f8\u4f4d\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ece\u8c31\u76f8\u5e72\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u4f4d\u56fe\u3001\u65f6\u9891\u8026\u5408\u6307\u6807\u7b49\u63d0\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u8c10\u632f\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0e\u9891\u7387\u9009\u62e9\u6027<\/h3>\n\n<h4>\u8c10\u632f\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u80fd\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u8c10\u632f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u4f9b\u80fd\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e0e\u78c1\u573a\u50a8\u80fd\u5143\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u9ad8\u6548\u518d\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u67d0\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u63d0\u9ad8\u7535\u538b\u6216\u7535\u6d41\u5e45\u503c\u3002\u8c10\u632f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u91cf\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u529f\u529f\u7387\u4ecd\u7531\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4f9b\u80fd\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u635f\u8017\u4e0e\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u53c2\u6570\u6548\u5e94<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u8c10\u632f\u56de\u8def\u53c2\u6570\u88ab\u5468\u671f\u6027\u8c03\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u51fa\u73b0\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5927\uff08\u4ece\u8c03\u5236\/\u6cf5\u6d66\u901a\u9053\u5411\u632f\u8361\u6a21\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u80fd\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u53c2\u6570\u8c10\u632f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ \\omega_{\\text{mod}} = 2\\omega_0 $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(\\omega_0\\)\u4e3a\u56fa\u6709\u8c10\u632f\u89d2\u9891\u7387\uff0c\\(\\omega_{\\text{mod}}\\)\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u5236\u89d2\u9891\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u653e\u5927\u201d\u5e94\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u901a\u9053\/\u6a21\u6001\u95f4\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fdd\u53cd\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4>\u591a\u9891\u8c10\u632f\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u8c10\u6ce2\u4e0e\u6b21\u8c10\u6ce2\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u8c10\u6ce2\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ \\omega_n = n \\times \\omega_0,\\quad n = 1,2,3,\\ldots $$<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8c31\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u6b63\u5f26\u81ea\u632f\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u80fd\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u8f93\u5165\u7535\u80fd\uff08\u542f\u52a8\/\u7ef4\u6301\u4f9b\u7535\uff09\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u5143\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u52a8\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5\u70ed\u4e0e\u7535\u78c1\u8f90\u5c04\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u8017\u6563\u3002\u95ed\u73af\u53cd\u9988\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u80fd\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u632f\u8361\u6a21\u6001\u6765\u8865\u507f\u635f\u8017\u5e76\u7ef4\u6301\u632f\u8361\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u7535\u79bb\u3001\u6fc0\u53d1\u3001\u89e3\u79bb\u4e0e\u78b0\u649e\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u71b5\u589e\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f34\u968f\u8017\u6563\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5178\u578b\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u5927\u6c14\u7535\u573a\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u74e6\u7279\u2014\u5343\u74e6\u7ea7\u529f\u7387\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u82e5\u67d0\u4e00\u5177\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u58f0\u79f0\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u73af\u5883\u8026\u5408\u529f\u7387\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u660e\u786e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fb9\u754c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5bfc\u7535\/\u8f90\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u8ba1\u91cf\u95ed\u5408\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u632f\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u7efc\u5408\u5224\u636e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u81ea\u632f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u89c6\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u53ef\u6d4b\u95ed\u73af\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\uff08\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6cf5\u6d66\u3001\u8c10\u632f\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u3001\u8026\u5408\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u4f4d\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ K_{\\text{total}} = K_1 \\times K_2 \\times K_3 \\times K_4 \\times K_5 \\times \\Phi_{\\text{sync}} \\times \\Theta_{\\text{stab}} $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6d4b\u7684\u4f20\u9012\/\u589e\u76ca\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u8c10\u632f\u5185\/\u5916\u5e45\u503c\u6bd4\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u8026\u5408\/\u540c\u6b65\u6307\u6807\u3001\u957f\u671f\u6f02\u79fb\u7a33\u5b9a\u6307\u6807\uff09\u3002\u81ea\u6fc0\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u5199\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ K_{\\text{total}} &gt; 1 + \\delta_{\\text{margin}} $$<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\delta_{\\text{margin}}\\)\u8868\u793a\u7a33\u5b9a\u88d5\u5ea6\u3002\u8be5\u5224\u636e\u662f\u5173\u4e8e<strong>\u632f\u8361\/\u63a7\u5236\u7a33\u5b9a<\/strong>\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u51c0\u80fd\u91cf\u589e\u76ca\u8d85\u8fc7\u603b\u8f93\u5165\u6709\u529f\u529f\u7387\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08\u6846\u67b6\u6027\u8bf4\u660e\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u8c10\u6ce2\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0e\u81ea\u632f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u632f\u8361\u5668\u7406\u8bba\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u82e5\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u6708\/\u5e74\u7ea7\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u201d\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u529f\u7387\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u5907\u8d44\u8d28\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u5de5\u7a0b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5316\uff08\u6982\u5ff5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06\u5355\u6a21\u5757\u8d21\u732e\u4e0e\u8026\u5408\/\u76f8\u5e72\u56e0\u7d20\u5206\u79bb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$ P_{\\text{total}}(N) = N \\times P_{\\text{mod}} \\times \\eta_{\\text{link}}(N) \\times K_{\\text{coh}}(N) $$<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\\(\\eta_{\\text{link}}(N)\\)\u8868\u793a\u968f\u6a21\u5757\u6570\\(N\\)\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e92\u8fde\/\u8026\u5408\u6548\u7387\u9000\u5316\u9879\uff0c\\(K_{\\text{coh}}(N)\\)\u8868\u793a\u968f\\(N\\)\u589e\u957f\u5e76\u9971\u548c\u7684\u76f8\u5e72\u589e\u76ca\u9879\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e94\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u6821\u51c6\u3002\u8be5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5efa\u6a21\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u6709\u529f\u529f\u7387\u8ba1\u91cf\u95ed\u5408\u4e0e\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<p>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u81ea\u6fc0\u632f\u8361\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1a\u7531\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u8c10\u632f\u80fd\u91cf\u518d\u5206\u914d\u4ee5\u53ca\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u4f4d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff1a\u7ef4\u6301\u632f\u8361\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4f9b\u80fd\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4f34\u968f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8017\u6563\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u4e3b\u5f20\u201c\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8ba8\u8bba\u6781\u9650\u73af\u3001\u81ea\u632f\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u8c10\u632f\u4e0e\u95ed\u73af\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u5f97\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u6027\u80fd\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u72ec\u7acb\u8ba1\u91cf\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h3>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h3>\n<ol>\n  <li id=\"ref1\">\n    <p>Raizer, Y. P. <em>Gas Discharge Physics<\/em>. Springer\uff08\u6c14\u4f53\u653e\u7535\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u7535\u79bb\u3001\u7535\u6655\u7b49\u7ecf\u5178\u53c2\u8003\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref2\">\n    <p>Lieberman, M. A., Lichtenberg, A. J. <em>Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing<\/em>. John Wiley &amp; Sons\uff08\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8f93\u8fd0\u3001\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref3\">\n    <p>Peek, F. W. <em>Dielectric Phenomena in High Voltage Engineering<\/em>. McGraw-Hill\uff08\u4e0e\u7535\u6655\u8d77\u59cb\u9608\u503c\/\u5de5\u7a0b\u5173\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u732e\uff09\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/item\/20019060\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Congress \u8bb0\u5f55<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref4\">\n    <p>Townsend\u653e\u7535\u4e0e\u96ea\u5d29\u7535\u79bb\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Townsend_discharge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia: Townsend discharge<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref5\">\n    <p>Van der Pol \u632f\u5b50\uff08\u81ea\u632f\u4e0e\u6781\u9650\u73af\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Van_der_Pol_oscillator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia: Van der Pol oscillator<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref6\">\n    <p>\u6781\u9650\u73af\uff08\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u632f\u8361\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limit_cycle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia: Limit cycle<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref7\">\n    <p>Kuramoto\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u8026\u5408\u632f\u5b50\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u7406\u8bba\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuramoto_model\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia: Kuramoto model<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref8\">\n    <p>Kuramoto, Y. <em>Chemical Oscillations, Waves, and Turbulence<\/em>. Springer\uff08\u540c\u6b65\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8457\u4f5c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref9\">\n    <p>\u590d\u6742\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u901a\u9053\u7684\u7535\u78c1\u8026\u5408\uff08\u9886\u57df\u6587\u732e\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\/article\/26\/4\/043501\/256915\/Electromagnetic-coupling-effect-in-the-complex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Physics of Plasmas<\/em>\uff1aElectromagnetic coupling effect in complex plasma channels<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref10\">\n    <p>\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u632f\u8361\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff08\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jspf.or.jp\/JPFRS\/PDF\/Vol2\/jpfrs1999_02-389.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Corona discharge oscillations with negative differential resistance\uff08PDF\uff09<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref11\">\n    <p>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8f6c\u8fc1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\/article\/32\/4\/043507\/3342993\/Nonlinear-study-of-transition-modes-in-the-chaotic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Physics of Plasmas<\/em>\uff1aNonlinear study of transition modes in chaotic plasma systems<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref12\">\n    <p>Townsend \u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u51fb\u7a7f\uff08\u6559\u5b66\u8d44\u6599\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/dottorato.fisica.uniba.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/GasDetector_phD_lect2_preliminary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gas detector physics notes\uff08PDF\uff09<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref13\">\n    <p>CERN \u9ad8\u538b\u51fb\u7a7f\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u9898\u6280\u672f\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u6280\u672f\u80cc\u666f\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/cds.cern.ch\/record\/237717\/files\/ppe-92-097.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CERN technical report\uff08PDF\uff09<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n  <li id=\"ref14\">\n    <p>Kuramoto \u540c\u6b65\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u89c6\u89d2\uff08\u6559\u5b66\/\u7efc\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/scala.uc3m.es\/publications_MANS\/PDF\/finalKura.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kuramoto synchronization\uff08PDF\uff09<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aO. Krishevich\uff0cV. Peretyachenko \u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u9605\u8bfb\u524d\u63d0 \u672c\u6587\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7809,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[256,247,151,166],"tags":[341,743,744,774,745,746,316,772,604,770,321,775,773,771],"class_list":["post-7821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-zh-hans","category-science","category-technology","category-technology-zh-hans","tag-corona-discharge-zh-hans","tag-feedback-loop-zh-hans","tag-kuramoto-model-zh-hans","tag-kuramoto","tag-nonlinear-oscillation-zh-hans","tag-solid-state-power-zh-hans","tag-316","tag-772","tag-604","tag-770","tag-321","tag-775","tag-773","tag-771"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7821"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13085,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7821\/revisions\/13085"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}