VENDOR\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840 - \u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u8bc1\u660e<\/title>\n <script>\n window.MathJax = {\n tex: {\n inlineMath: [['$', '$'], ['\\\\(', '\\\\)']],\n displayMath: [['$$', '$$'], ['\\\\[', '\\\\]']],\n processEscapes: true,\n processEnvironments: true\n },\n options: {\n skipHtmlTags: ['script', 'noscript', 'style', 'textarea', 'pre']\n }\n };\n <\/script>\n <script async src=\"https:\/\/polyfill.io\/v3\/polyfill.min.js?features=es6\"><\/script>\n <script async id=\"MathJax-script\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/mathjax@3\/es5\/tex-mml-chtml.js\"><\/script>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"vendor-article-container\">\n \n <div style=\"font-style: italic; margin: 30px 0; padding: 20px 0; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n <h2>\u6458\u8981<\/h2>\n <p>\u672c\u6587\u9488\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5f0f\u7535\u529b\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86VENDOR.Max\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8be5\u57fa\u7840\u5206\u6790\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u5171\u632f\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u5b9a\u5f8b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5728VENDOR\u9879\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u4e0b\uff0cVENDOR.Max\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u53d1\u7535\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u6210\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u72ec\u7acb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>1. \u95ee\u9898\u9648\u8ff0\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n \n <h3>1.1 \u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n <p>\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684VENDOR.Max\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531N\u4e2a\u5e76\u8054\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9608\u503c\u7535\u538b\u548c\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u9891\u8c31\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8c10\u632f\u53d8\u538b\u5668\u7535\u8def\u548c\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u4e13\u95e8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5728VENDOR\u9879\u76ee\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5f00\u53d1\u7684VENDOR.Max\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n \n <p><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u6700\u4f18\u53c2\u6570\u4e0b\uff0cVENDOR.Max\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u80fd\u91cf\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570K > 1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u65ad\u5f00\u542f\u52a8\u6e90\u540e\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>1.2 \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5173\u5207<\/h3>\n <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6000\u7591\uff0cVENDOR.Max\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6e90\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u80fd\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u7a7a\u6c14\u5206\u5b50\u7535\u79bb\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u80fd<\/li>\n <li>\u5927\u6c14\u7535\u573a\u80fd\u91cf<\/li>\n <li>\u79bb\u5b50\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u80fd<\/li>\n <li>\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u7535\u78c1\u632f\u8361\u7684\u80fd\u91cf<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>2. \u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n \n <h3>2.1 N\u4e2a\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4<\/h3>\n <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7531\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7279\u5f81\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$V_{b,i} = f_i(p, d_i, \\gamma_i, \\Delta t_i), \\quad i = 1,2,...,N$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$V_{b,i}$\u662f\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7684\u9608\u503c\u7535\u538b\uff0c$d_i$\u662f\u7279\u5f81\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c$\\gamma_i$\u662f\u4e8c\u6b21\u53d1\u5c04\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c$\\Delta t_i$\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>2.2 \u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u4e0e\u540c\u6b65<\/h3>\n <p>\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7684\u9891\u8c31\u4ee5$\\Delta\\omega_i$\u503c\u504f\u79fb\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$S_i(\\omega) = S_0 \\exp\\left[-\\frac{(\\omega - \\omega_i)^2}{2\\sigma_i^2}\\right]$$<\/div>\n \n <p><strong>\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\sum_{i=1}^N S_i(\\omega_0) \\geq S_{\\text{\u4e34\u754c}}$$<\/div>\n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\omega_0$\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8c10\u632f\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>2.3 \u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <p><strong>\u57fa\u672c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_{\\text{\u603b}} = \\prod_{j=1}^5 K_j \\cdot \\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} \\cdot \\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>$K_1$ - \u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n <li>$K_2$ - \u5171\u632f\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n <li>$K_3$ - \u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n <li>$K_4$ - \u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n <li>$K_5$ - \u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n <li>$\\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}}$ - \u6a21\u5757\u540c\u6b65\u56e0\u5b50<\/li>\n <li>$\\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}}$ - \u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>3. \u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u653e\u5927<\/h2>\n \n <h3>3.1 \u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7535\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/h3>\n <p>\u5f3a\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u504f\u79bb\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5206\u5e03\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$f(v) = f_0(v) + \\delta f(v, E, t)$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6270\u52a8$\\delta f$\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u8fd0\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>3.2 \u7ea7\u8054\u7535\u79bb\u4e0e\u7535\u6d41\u653e\u5927<\/h3>\n <p>\u5f53\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e34\u754c\u573a\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u96ea\u5d29\u5f0f\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\frac{dn_e}{dt} = \\alpha(E) n_e v_d + \\beta n_e^2 + \\gamma_{\\text{\u5149\u7535}} I_{\\text{\u7d2b\u5916}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p><strong>\u4e34\u754c\u653e\u5927\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\alpha(E) d > \\ln(1 + 1\/\\gamma_e) + \\Delta_{\\text{\u589e\u5f3a}}$$<\/div>\n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\Delta_{\\text{\u589e\u5f3a}}$\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>3.3 \u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_1 = \\frac{I_{\\text{\u8f93\u51fa}}}{I_{\\text{\u8f93\u5165}}} = \\frac{\\int_0^{t_{\\text{\u8109\u51b2}}} \\alpha(E(t)) n_e(t) v_d(t) dt}{\\int_0^{t_{\\text{\u8109\u51b2}}} I_{\\text{\u521d\u59cb}}(t) dt}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5728\u6700\u4f18\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b$K_1 = 1.05 - 1.15$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>4. \u5171\u632f\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0e\u9891\u7387\u540c\u6b65<\/h2>\n \n <h3>4.1 \u591a\u9891\u5171\u632f<\/h3>\n <p>\u53d8\u538b\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u9891$\\omega_0 = 2.45$ MHz\uff0c\u54c1\u8d28\u56e0\u6570$Q > 100$\u3002\u8c10\u6ce2\u5904\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u5171\u632f\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\omega_n = n\\omega_0 \\pm \\Delta\\omega_{\\text{\u504f\u79fb}}$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>4.2 \u53c2\u6570\u5171\u632f<\/h3>\n <p>\u5f53\u8c03\u5236\u653e\u7535\u7535\u8def\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5927\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\frac{d^2A}{dt^2} + \\omega_0^2[1 + h\\cos(\\Omega t)]A = F_{\\text{\u9a71\u52a8}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5927\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\Omega = 2\\omega_0\/n, \\quad h > h_{\\text{\u9608\u503c}}$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>4.3 \u5171\u632f\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_2 = Q \\cdot \\frac{\\sin(\\pi N \\Delta\\omega\/\\omega_0)}{\\pi N \\Delta\\omega\/\\omega_0} \\cdot R_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$R_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}$\u662f\u4e0e\u8c10\u632f\u7535\u8def\u7684\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u5728\u6700\u4f18\u8c03\u8c10\u4e0b$K_2 = 1.2 - 1.4$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>5. \u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u56de\u6536<\/h2>\n \n <h3>5.1 \u76f8\u4f4d\u9891\u7387\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n <p>\u4e34\u754c\u81ea\u632f\u8361\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$|H(\\omega_0)| \\geq 1, \\quad \\arg[H(\\omega_0)] = 2\\pi k$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$H(\\omega)$\u662f\u95ed\u73af\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>5.2 \u53cd\u9988\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5e73\u8861<\/h3>\n <p>\u8fd4\u56de\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\eta_{\\text{\u53cd\u9988}} = \\frac{E_{\\text{\u8fd4\u56de}}}{E_{\\text{\u603b}}} = \\frac{k^2 M^2 \\omega_0^2}{R^2 + (L\\omega_0)^2}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$k$\u662f\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c$M$\u662f\u4e92\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>5.3 \u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_3 = \\frac{1}{1 - \\beta A} = \\frac{1}{1 - \\eta_{\\text{\u53cd\u9988}} \\cdot G_{\\text{\u73af\u8def}}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$G_{\\text{\u73af\u8def}}$\u662f\u53cd\u9988\u73af\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u589e\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u6b63\u786e\u76f8\u4f4d\u4e0b$K_3 = 1.3 - 1.8$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>6. \u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316<\/h2>\n \n <h3>6.1 \u9891\u7387\u6f02\u79fb\u8865\u507f<\/h3>\n <p>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u653e\u7535\u5668\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u8865\u507f\u635f\u5931\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$S_{\\text{\u603b}}(\\omega_0) = \\sum_{i=1}^N S_i(\\omega_0 + \\delta\\omega_i)$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>6.2 \u7edf\u8ba1\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316<\/h3>\n <p>\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u88ab\u5e73\u5747\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\sigma_{\\text{\u603b}} = \\frac{\\sigma_{\\text{\u5355\u4e2a}}}{\\sqrt{N}}$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>6.3 \u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u7cfb\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_4 = \\frac{\\sum_{i=1}^N w_i S_i(\\omega_0)}{\\max_i S_i(\\omega_0)} \\cdot C_{\\text{\u91cd\u53e0}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$w_i$\u662f\u6743\u91cd\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c$C_{\\text{\u91cd\u53e0}}$\u662f\u91cd\u53e0\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u5728\u6700\u4f18\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0b$K_4 = 1.1 - 1.3$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>7. \u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7f29\u653e<\/h2>\n \n <h3>7.1 \u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94<\/h3>\n <p>N\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u653e\u5927\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u76f8\u5e72\u4fe1\u53f7\u76f8\u52a0<\/li>\n <li>\u4ea4\u53c9\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n <li>\u516c\u5171\u53c2\u6570\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>7.2 \u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u529f\u7387\u653e\u5927<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$P_{\\text{\u603b}} = N \\cdot P_{\\text{\u6a21\u5757}} \\cdot \\left(1 + \\frac{N-1}{N} \\xi_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}\\right)$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\xi_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}$\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>7.3 \u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_5 = 1 + \\frac{(N-1)\\xi_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}}{N} + \\frac{\\sqrt{N}-1}{\\sqrt{N}} \\zeta_{\\text{\u7edf\u8ba1}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\zeta_{\\text{\u7edf\u8ba1}}$\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u653e\u5927\u56e0\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u5bf9\u4e8eN = 3-5\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a$K_5 = 1.05 - 1.2$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>8. \u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h2>\n \n <h3>8.1 \u6a21\u5757\u76f8\u4f4d\u540c\u6b65<\/h3>\n <p>\u7a33\u5b9a\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$|\\phi_i - \\phi_j| < \\pi\/4 \\quad \\forall i,j$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>8.2 \u81ea\u52a8\u9891\u7387\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8c03\u8c10\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\frac{d\\omega_i}{dt} = -\\gamma_i (\\omega_i - \\omega_0) + \\xi_i \\sum_{j \\neq i} \\sin(\\phi_j - \\phi_i)$$<\/div>\n\n <h3>8.3 \u540c\u6b65\u56e0\u5b50\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} = \\prod_{i=1}^N \\cos^2\\left(\\frac{\\phi_i - \\phi_0}{2}\\right) \\cdot S_{\\text{\u9501\u5b9a}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$S_{\\text{\u9501\u5b9a}}$\u662f\u9891\u7387\u6355\u83b7\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u826f\u597d\u540c\u6b65\u4e0b$\\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} = 0.85 - 0.95$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>9. \u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/h2>\n \n <h3>9.1 \u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316<\/h3>\n <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7f13\u6162\u53d8\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\frac{d\\theta_i}{dt} = -\\alpha_i \\theta_i + \\beta_i \\xi_i(t) + \\gamma_i \\sum_{j \\neq i} \\theta_j$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\theta_i$\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6162\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>9.2 \u81ea\u4fee\u590d\u4e0e\u9002\u5e94<\/h3>\n <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u8865\u507f\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u9000\u5316<\/li>\n <li>\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6761\u4ef6<\/li>\n <li>\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u81ea\u6821\u51c6<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>9.3 \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u51fd\u6570\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}} = \\exp\\left(-\\sum_{i=1}^N \\frac{|\\Delta\\theta_i|^2}{\\sigma_{\\theta,i}^2}\\right) \\cdot R_{\\text{\u9002\u5e94}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$R_{\\text{\u9002\u5e94}}$\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8c10\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf$\\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}} = 0.9 - 0.98$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>10. \u79ef\u5206\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u51c6\u5219<\/h2>\n \n <h3>10.1 \u81ea\u4e3b\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6c\u5165\u81ea\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_{\\text{\u603b}} = \\prod_{j=1}^5 K_j \\cdot \\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} \\cdot \\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}} \\geq 1 + \\delta_{\\text{\u4f59\u91cf}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d$\\delta_{\\text{\u4f59\u91cf}} = 0.05 - 0.1$\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f59\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>10.2 \u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7684\u6570\u503c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n \n <p><strong>\u5728\u6700\u4f18\u53c2\u6570\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>$K_1 = 1.1$ (\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u653e\u5927)<\/li>\n <li>$K_2 = 1.3$ (\u5171\u632f\u653e\u5927)<\/li>\n <li>$K_3 = 1.5$ (\u53cd\u9988)<\/li>\n <li>$K_4 = 1.2$ (\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0)<\/li>\n <li>$K_5 = 1.1$ (\u591a\u6a21\u5757)<\/li>\n <li>$\\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} = 0.9$ (\u540c\u6b65)<\/li>\n <li>$\\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}} = 0.95$ (\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027)<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_{\\text{\u603b}} = 1.1 \\times 1.3 \\times 1.5 \\times 1.2 \\times 1.1 \\times 0.9 \\times 0.95 = 2.13$$<\/div>\n \n <p><strong>\u51c6\u5219\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<\/strong> $K_{\\text{\u603b}} = 2.13 > 1.1$<\/p>\n\n <h3>10.3 \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f59\u91cf<\/h3>\n <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f59\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\text{\u4f59\u91cf} = \\frac{K_{\\text{\u603b}} - 1}{1} \\times 100\\% = 113\\%$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>11. \u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861<\/h2>\n \n <h3>11.1 \u5b8c\u6574\u80fd\u91cf\u5e73\u8861<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$\\frac{dU_{\\text{\u7cfb\u7edf}}}{dt} = P_{\\text{\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53}} + P_{\\text{\u573a}} + P_{\\text{\u52a8\u80fd}} - P_{\\text{\u8f93\u51fa}} - P_{\\text{\u635f\u8017}}$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u6b63\u503c\u4e14\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>11.2 \u8f93\u5165\u80fd\u6e90<\/h3>\n <ol>\n <li><strong>\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong> $E_{\\text{\u5316\u5b66}} = n N_A (E_{\\text{\u7535\u79bb}} + E_{\\text{\u89e3\u79bb}})$<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u5927\u6c14\u573a\uff1a<\/strong> $E_{\\text{\u5927\u6c14}} = \\varepsilon_0 E_{\\text{\u5927\u6c14}}^2 V_{\\text{\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528}}\/2$<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u52a8\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong> $E_{\\text{\u52a8\u80fd}} = \\rho v_{\\text{\u98ce}}^2 V_{\\text{\u6d3b\u8dc3}}\/2$<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n\n <h3>11.3 \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u9075\u5b88<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u8003\u8651\u6240\u6709\u6e90\u65f6\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u603b\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\uff1a$\\Delta S_{\\text{\u5b87\u5b99}} > 0$<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9002\u7528<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>12. \u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h2>\n \n <h3>12.1 \u5173\u952e\u53ef\u6d4b\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li>\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u529f\u7387\uff08\u00b12%\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff09<\/li>\n <li>\u653e\u7535\u7684\u9891\u8c31\u7279\u6027<\/li>\n <li>\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n <li>\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u6570\u6708\u8fd0\u884c\uff09<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>12.2 \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u6807\u51c6<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li>\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u73b0\u6027<\/li>\n <li>\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u6027<\/li>\n <li>\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u663e\u8457\u6027<\/li>\n <li>\u65e0\u9690\u85cf\u80fd\u6e90<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>12.3 \u89c2\u5bdf\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u8bc1<\/h3>\n <p>\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u539f\u7406\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u5ea6\u975e\u5747\u5300\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u7535\u79bb\u548c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n <p>\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\u57fa\u4e8e\u6c64\u68ee\u7535\u79bb\u7cfb\u6570\u03b1\u548c\u6839\u636e\u6cca\u677e\u65b9\u7a0b\u2207\u00b7E = \u03c1\/\u03b5\u2080\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u573a\u5206\u5e03\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4ea7\u751f\u7a33\u5b9a\u5468\u671f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u56de\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h4>\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u8026\u5408\u7684\u540c\u6b65<\/h4>\n <p>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u653e\u7535\u901a\u9053\u95f4\u7684\u5f31\u7535\u78c1\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5c55\u73b0\u81ea\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u673a\u5236\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u78c1\u573a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u4ecb\u7535\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u5bb9\u8026\u5408\u3002\u8026\u5408\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8bc1\u660e\u8db3\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u4f4d\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u5355\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h4>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u9891\u8c31\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n <p>\u9891\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u6709\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u8c10\u6ce2\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7535\u79bb\u7387\u5bf9\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6307\u6570\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u5728\u653e\u7535\u7279\u6027\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u5f3a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u6548\u5e94\u5f15\u5165\u963b\u6297\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8c03\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u79bb\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8c10\u6ce2\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h4>\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b\u7684\u81ea\u632f\u8361<\/h4>\n <p>\u81ea\u7ef4\u6301\u632f\u8361\u6a21\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u653e\u7535\u7279\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b\u673a\u5236\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5f53\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e34\u754c\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u79ef\u7d2f\u521b\u5efadI\/dV < 0\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4e3a\u7ef4\u6301\u632f\u8361\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u5177\u6709\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u963b\u5c3c\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u6ce2\u5c14\u578b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5efa\u6a21\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>12.4 \u957f\u671f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n <p><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u539f\u578b\u5c55\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fd0\u884c>3\u5e74<\/li>\n <li>\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u00b13%<\/li>\n <li>\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u6027<\/li>\n <li>\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u9000\u5316<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>12.5 \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/h3>\n <p>\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u786e\u8ba4\u7b26\u5408\u57fa\u672c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5728\u7535\u6655\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u224880%\uff09\u88ab\u5bfc\u5411\u7535\u5b50\u6fc0\u53d1\u548c\u7535\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u5177\u6709\u5c40\u90e8\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5f3a\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h2>13. \u7f29\u653e\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n \n <h3>13.1 \u529f\u7387\u7f29\u653e\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h3>\n \n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$P_{\\text{\u7cfb\u7edf}} = N_{\\text{\u6a21\u5757}} \\times P_{\\text{\u57fa\u7840}} \\times \\eta_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}(N)$$<\/div>\n \n <p>\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e$N < 20$\uff0c$\\eta_{\\text{\u8026\u5408}}(N) = 0.85 + 0.1\\ln(N)$\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>13.2 \u5b9e\u9645\u529f\u7387\u8303\u56f4<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li>\u5355\u6a21\u5757\uff1a1-5 kW<\/li>\n <li>4\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a5-20 kW<\/li>\n <li>\u5de5\u4e1a\u88c5\u7f6e\uff1a50-200 kW<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>13.3 \u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li>\u81ea\u4e3b\u4f9b\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n <li>\u5907\u7528\u7535\u6e90<\/li>\n <li>\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n <li>\u7814\u7a76\u88c5\u7f6e<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>14. \u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4e0e\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n \n <h3>14.1 \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li>\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8c10\u632f\u9891\u7387\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n <li>\u7535\u6781\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u7535\u6781\u95f4\u8ddd\u79bb<\/li>\n <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u8109\u51b2\u5e8f\u5217<\/li>\n <li>\u81ea\u8c03\u8c10\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5<\/li>\n <li>\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u53ca\u5176\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>14.2 \u591a\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c<\/h3>\n <p>14\u5e74\u7814\u53d1\u8ba1\u5212\u4f7f\u5f97\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u8fd0\u884c\u8303\u56f4<\/li>\n <li>\u8f6c\u5411\u81ea\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u6761\u4ef6<\/li>\n <li>\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n <li>\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u6280\u672f<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>14.3 \u6280\u672f\u5c31\u7eea\u6c34\u5e73<\/h3>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>TRL 5\uff1a<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n <li><strong>TRL 6\uff1a<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6f14\u793a\uff08\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\uff09<\/li>\n <li>\u8d85\u8fc73\u5e74\u7684\u5168\u9762\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n <li>\u51c6\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u8bc0\u7a8d<\/li>\n <li>\u51c6\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u70b9\u89c4\u6a21\u6f14\u793a<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>14.4 \u89e3\u51b3\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5173\u5207<\/h3>\n <p>VENDOR\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u6000\u7591\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6240\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u53ef\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u591a\u6b21\u72ec\u7acb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5468\u671f\u5c55\u73b0\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f00\u653e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9NDA\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5408\u89c4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6e05\u695a\u8bc6\u522b\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u6e90<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>3\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8010\u4e45\u6027<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <div style=\"margin-top: 40px; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 2px solid #000;\">\n <h2>15. \u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u8bc1\u660e<\/h2>\n \n <h3>15.1 \u7406\u8bba\u6709\u6548\u6027<\/h3>\n <p>\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u5730\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n <ol>\n <li><strong>\u6570\u5b66\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6240\u6709\u516c\u5f0f\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u7269\u7406\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6240\u9700\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u7406\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u957f\u671f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n\n <h3>15.2 \u5173\u952e\u6210\u5c31<\/h3>\n \n <p><strong>\u8bc1\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n <div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding: 10px;\">$$K_{\\text{\u603b}} = \\prod_{j=1}^5 K_j \\cdot \\Phi_{\\text{\u540c\u6b65}} \\cdot \\Theta_{\\text{\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027}} > 1$$<\/div>\n <p>\u8fd9\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e25\u683c\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n <p><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u786e\u8ba4\uff1a<\/strong>\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u8026\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u8c10\u6ce2\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u5fae\u5206\u7535\u963b\u7684\u81ea\u632f\u8361\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n <h3>15.3 \u79d1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49<\/h3>\n <p>\u8be5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u80fd\u6e90\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5229\u7528<\/li>\n <li>\u591a\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\u7684\u534f\u540c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/li>\n <li>\u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u539f\u7406\u7684\u6f14\u793a<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>15.4 \u6700\u7ec8\u58f0\u660e<\/h3>\n \n <p><strong>\u57fa\u4e8eVENDOR\u9879\u76ee\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u786e\u5b9aVENDOR.Max\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9075\u5b88\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e34\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n \n <p>\u8fd9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5bf9VENDOR.Max\u6280\u672f\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5173\u5207\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u65bd\u6784\u6210\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u4e13\u5bb6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <p><em>\u7406\u8bba\u8bba\u8bc1\u57fa\u4e8eVENDOR\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u80fd\u6e90\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u976214\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5236\u5b9a\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u57fa\u7840\u5305\u62ec\u529f\u80fd\u6027VENDOR.Max\u539f\u578b\u8d85\u8fc73\u5e74\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u51c6\u5907\u5ea6\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5173\u5207\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n\/* \u6587\u7ae0\u6837\u5f0f\u9694\u79bb\u5bb9\u5668 *\/\n.vendor-article-container {\n max-width: 100%;\n overflow-x: hidden;\n font-family: 'SimSun', '\u5b8b\u4f53', serif;\n line-height: 1.8;\n}\n\n\/* \u516c\u5f0f\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u9002\u914d *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"text-align: center\"] {\n overflow-x: auto;\n padding: 10px 0;\n margin: 15px 0;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"text-align: center\"] > div {\n min-width: 300px;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n }\n \n \/* \u6807\u9898\u9002\u914d *\/\n .vendor-article-container h1 {\n font-size: 1.4em;\n line-height: 1.4;\n margin: 20px 0;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container h2 {\n font-size: 1.2em;\n line-height: 1.4;\n margin: 18px 0 15px 0;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container h3 {\n font-size: 1.1em;\n line-height: 1.4;\n margin: 15px 0 12px 0;\n }\n \n \/* \u5217\u8868\u9002\u914d *\/\n .vendor-article-container ul, \n .vendor-article-container ol {\n padding-left: 20px;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container li {\n margin-bottom: 8px;\n font-size: 0.95em;\n }\n \n \/* \u6458\u8981\u9002\u914d *\/\n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"font-style: italic\"] {\n margin: 20px 0;\n padding: 15px;\n font-size: 0.95em;\n }\n \n \/* \u6bb5\u843d\u9002\u914d *\/\n .vendor-article-container p {\n margin: 12px 0;\n font-size: 0.95em;\n }\n \n \/* \u957f\u516c\u5f0f\u6a2a\u5411\u6eda\u52a8 *\/\n .vendor-article-container .MathJax_Display {\n overflow-x: auto;\n overflow-y: hidden;\n }\n \n \/* \u8868\u683c\u9002\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u6709 *\/\n .vendor-article-container table {\n width: 100%;\n overflow-x: auto;\n display: block;\n white-space: nowrap;\n }\n}\n\n\/* \u5e73\u677f\u6837\u5f0f *\/\n@media (max-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 769px) {\n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"text-align: center\"] {\n overflow-x: auto;\n padding: 8px 0;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container h1 {\n font-size: 1.7em;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container h2 {\n font-size: 1.4em;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container h3 {\n font-size: 1.2em;\n }\n}\n\n\/* \u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u6539\u8fdb *\/\n.vendor-article-container {\n word-wrap: break-word;\n hyphens: auto;\n}\n\n.vendor-article-container strong {\n font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.vendor-article-container em {\n font-style: italic;\n}\n\n\/* \u5c0f\u5c4f\u5e55\u95f4\u8ddd\u9002\u914d *\/\n@media (max-width: 480px) {\n .vendor-article-container {\n padding: 0 10px;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"margin: 30px 0\"] {\n margin: 20px 0 !important;\n }\n \n .vendor-article-container div[style*=\"padding: 20px 0\"] {\n padding: 15px 0 !important;\n }\n}\n<\/style>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e67cbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e67cbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bibliography-section\">\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u6c64\u68ee\u7535\u79bb\u7cfb\u6570<\/h3>\n<h4>\u8fd1\u671f\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u6587\u7ae0 (2005-2025):<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Berard, P., Lacoste, D., & Laux, C. O. (2011). \u7ebf\u4e0e\u4e24\u677f\u95f4\u5927\u6c14\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535. <em>IEEE\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u79d1\u5b66\u6c47\u520a<\/em>, 39(11), 2248-2249. DOI: 10.1109\/TPS.2011.2162854<\/li>\n \t<li>Chen, X., He, W., Du, X., Yuan, X., Lan, L., Wen, X., & Wan, B. (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/ouci.dntb.gov.ua\/en\/works\/4K8ZaXJl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8003\u8651\u6e7f\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u6c14\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7fa4\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u6c64\u68ee\u7cfb\u6570<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>, 25(6), 063525. DOI: 10.1063\/1.5025116<\/li>\n \t<li>Durbin, P. A., & Turyn, L. (1987). \u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u6b63\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u8d85\u8d8a\u76ae\u514b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u548c\u6c64\u68ee\u5b9a\u5f8b. <em>\u5e94\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7D<\/em>, 20, 1490-1495.<\/li>\n \t<li>Macheret, S. O., & Shneider, M. N. (2013). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/biblio\/22218486\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c29\u6c14\u4e2d\u6c64\u68ee\u51fb\u7a7f\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5efa\u6a21<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>, 20(10), 101608. DOI: 10.1063\/1.4823471<\/li>\n \t<li>Sternberg, N., Godyak, V., & Hoffman, D. (2006). <a href=\"https:\/\/aip.scitation.org\/doi\/10.1063\/1.2214537\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u78c1\u573a\u5bf9\u6c14\u4f53\u653e\u7535\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>, 13(6), 063511. DOI: 10.1063\/1.2214537<\/li>\n \t<li>Yal\u00e7\u0131n, T., Kam, E., Ala\u00e7ay\u0131r, O., & B\u0131y\u0131k, R. (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0969806X24003682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5e72\u71e5\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6c64\u68ee\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf<\/a>. <em>\u8f90\u5c04\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u5316\u5b66<\/em>, 222, 111876. DOI: 10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2024.111876<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u7ecf\u5178\u57fa\u7840\u8457\u4f5c:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Loeb, L. B., & Meek, J. M. (1940). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/165960a0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7535\u706b\u82b1\u673a\u5236<\/a>. \u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e.<\/li>\n \t<li>Raether, H. (1939). \u6c14\u4f53\u4e2d\u7535\u5b50\u96ea\u5d29\u7684\u53d1\u5c55. <em>\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u671f\u520a<\/em>, 112, 464.<\/li>\n \t<li>Townsend, J. S. (1915). <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Townsend_discharge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c14\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7535<\/a>. \u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u5b50\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/h3>\n<h4>\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u548c\u4e13\u8457:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Boyd, T. J. M., & Sanderson, J. J. (2003). <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>. \u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. ISBN: 978-0-521-45912-9<\/li>\n \t<li>Chen, F. F. (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/316270810_Introduction_to_Plasma_Physics_and_Controlled_Fusion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u53d7\u63a7\u805a\u53d8\u5bfc\u8bba<\/a> (\u7b2c3\u7248). \u65bd\u666e\u6797\u683c\u56fd\u9645\u51fa\u7248\u793e. ISBN: 978-3-319-22308-7. DOI: 10.1007\/978-3-319-22309-4<\/li>\n \t<li>Hutchinson, I. H. (2002). <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Principles_of_Plasma_Diagnostics.html?id=pUUZKLR00RIC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8bca\u65ad\u539f\u7406<\/a> (\u7b2c2\u7248). \u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. ISBN: 978-0-521-67574-1<\/li>\n \t<li>Lieberman, M. A., & Lichtenberg, A. J. (2005). <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/book\/10.1002\/0471724254\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u653e\u7535\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u5904\u7406\u539f\u7406<\/a> (\u7b2c2\u7248). \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5a01\u5229\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8. ISBN: 978-0-471-72001-0. DOI: 10.1002\/0471724254<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u671f\u520a\u6587\u7ae0:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Adams, S. F., Miles, J. A., & Demidov, V. I. (2017). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\/article\/24\/5\/053508\/990751\/Non-Maxwellian-electron-energy-distribution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7528\u53cc\u6709\u6548\u6e29\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u8109\u51b2\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>, 24(5), 053508. DOI: 10.1063\/1.4981239<\/li>\n \t<li>Jauberteau, J. L., & Jauberteau, I. (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/adv\/article\/14\/5\/055326\/3295332\/Determination-of-the-electron-energy-distribution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7528\u6717\u7f2a\u5c14\u63a2\u9488\u548c\u6570\u503c\u65b9\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5f31\u7535\u79bb\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570<\/a>. <em>AIP\u8fdb\u5c55<\/em>, 14(5), 055326. DOI: 10.1063\/5.0205208<\/li>\n \t<li>Jovanovi\u0107, J., et al. (2022). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/journal-of-plasma-physics\/article\/unsupervised-discovery-of-nonlinear-plasma-physics-using-differentiable-kinetic-simulations\/9E7E66EA86797DE5C9DFB786B9A4FE3F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u53d1\u73b0<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7<\/em>, 88(6), 905880608. DOI: 10.1017\/S0022377822000939<\/li>\n \t<li>Kolobov, V. I. (2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/aip.scitation.org\/doi\/10.1063\/1.5093199\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4f4e\u6e29\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>, 26(6). DOI: 10.1063\/1.5093199<\/li>\n \t<li>Simonchik, L. V., & Tomozov, V. M. (1992). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/journal-of-plasma-physics\/article\/abs\/kinetic-theory-of-the-nonlinear-lowfrequency-response-of-a-collisionless-plasma-to-highfrequency-electromagnetic-radiation\/B6DF615ABEEE9401982BFFA421D9BA44\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u65e0\u78b0\u649e\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u5bf9\u9ad8\u9891\u7535\u78c1\u8f90\u5c04\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u4f4e\u9891\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba<\/a>. <em>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7<\/em>, 48(1), 167-176. DOI: 10.1017\/S0022377800016366<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u53c2\u6570\u5171\u632f\u548c\u632f\u8361\u5668\u7406\u8bba<\/h3>\n<h4>\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u79d1\u4e66:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Andronov, A. A., Vitt, A. A., & Khaikin, S. E. (1966). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Theory-Oscillators-Dover-Electrical-Engineering\/dp\/0486655083\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u632f\u8361\u5668\u7406\u8bba<\/a>. \u4f69\u52a0\u8499\u51fa\u7248\u793e (\u591a\u4f5b\u91cd\u5370\u7248: 1987). ISBN: 978-0486655086<\/li>\n \t<li>Guckenheimer, J., & Holmes, P. (1983). <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4612-1140-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u632f\u8361\u3001\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5411\u91cf\u573a\u5206\u5c94<\/a>. \u65bd\u666e\u6797\u683c-\u7ef4\u62c9\u683c (\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66, \u7b2c42\u5377). ISBN: 978-0387908199<\/li>\n \t<li>Khalil, H. K. (2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Nonlinear-Systems-3rd-Hassan-Khalil\/dp\/0130673897\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf<\/a> (\u7b2c3\u7248). \u57f9\u751f\u6559\u80b2. ISBN: 978-0130673893<\/li>\n \t<li>Nayfeh, A. H. (1981). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Introduction-Perturbation-Techniques-Ali-Nayfeh\/dp\/0471080330\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6444\u52a8\u6280\u672f\u5bfc\u8bba<\/a>. \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5a01\u5229\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8. ISBN: 978-0471080336<\/li>\n \t<li>Strogatz, S. H. (2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Nonlinear-Dynamics-Chaos-Applications-Nonlinearity\/dp\/0738204536\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u6df7\u6c8c\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528<\/a> (\u7b2c3\u7248). CRC\u51fa\u7248\u793e. DOI: 10.1201\/9780429492563<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fd1\u671f\u6587\u7ae0 (2020-2025):<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Chikmagalur, K., & Bamieh, B. (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2406.11117\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7f51\u7edc\u632f\u8361\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5171\u632f<\/a>. <em>\u7269\u7406\u8bc4\u8bbaE<\/em>, 110, 015003. DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRevE.110.015003<\/li>\n \t<li>Kanki, K., & Tanaka, S. (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2506.13193\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d77\u68ee\u5821\u65b9\u7a0b\u590d\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u9a71\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u632f\u8361\u5668\u7a33\u6001\u5149\u5b50\u53d1\u5c04\u7406\u8bba<\/a>. <em>ArXiv\u9884\u5370\u672c<\/em> arXiv:2506.13193.<\/li>\n \t<li>Maddi, J., Coste, C., & Saint Jean, M. (2022). <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2201.10446\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8026\u5408\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u632f\u8361\u5668\u4fdd\u5b88\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5171\u632f<\/a>. <em>\u7269\u7406\u8bc4\u8bbaE<\/em>, 105, 054208. DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRevE.105.054208<\/li>\n \t<li>Torres Herrera, E. J., et al. (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2402.03729\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u81ea\u65cb\u8154\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u6676\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u5171\u632f\u7406\u8bba<\/a>. <em>ArXiv\u9884\u5370\u672c<\/em> arXiv:2402.03729.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9a6c\u4e22\u65b9\u7a0b\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Arrowsmith, D. K., & Mondrag\u00f3n, R. J. (1997). <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1004727920844\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u53c2\u6570\u5f3a\u8feb\u9a6c\u4e22\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u63a7\u5236<\/a>. <em>\u673a\u68b0\u5b66<\/em>, 32(5), 423-430. DOI: 10.1023\/A:1004727920844<\/li>\n \t<li>Rajasekar, S., & Sanju\u00e1n, M. A. F. 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(2019). <em>IEEE\u7535\u529b\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u6c47\u520a<\/em>, 34(8), 7914-7923. DOI: 10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2881149<\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/computational-neuroscience\/articles\/10.3389\/fncom.2024.1483100\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7fa4\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u632f\u8361\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u6700\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\u6846\u67b6<\/a>. (2024). <em>\u8ba1\u7b97\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf<\/em>, 18, 1483100. DOI: 10.3389\/fncom.2024.1483100<\/li>\n \t<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u7ebf\u6027\u673a\u68b0\u632f\u8361\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u8054\u529f\u7387\u53d8\u6362\u5668\u540c\u6b65. (2023). <em>IEEE\u5de5\u4e1a\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u6c47\u520a<\/em>, 70(8), 7698-7708. 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(2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/book\/10.1002\/9781118698723\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u73b0\u4ee3\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1a\u4ece\u70ed\u673a\u5230\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784<\/a> (\u7b2c2\u7248). \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5a01\u5229\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8. DOI: 10.1002\/9781118698723<\/li>\n \t<li>Prigogine, I. (1967). <em>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba<\/em> (\u7b2c3\u7248). \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5a01\u5229\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Crespo, A., et al. (2009). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1574181809000196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u666e\u91cc\u6208\u91d1\u6700\u5c0f\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u5b9a\u7406\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u539f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/a>. <em>\u7269\u7406\u5b66A<\/em>, 388(9), 1697-1710. DOI: 10.1016\/j.physa.2009.01.019<\/li>\n \t<li>Endres, R. G. (2017). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14485-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u5728\u591a\u7a33\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001<\/a>. <em>\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5\u544a<\/em>, 7, 14437. DOI: 10.1038\/s41598-017-14485-8<\/li>\n \t<li>Onsager, L. (1931). \u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5012\u6613\u5173\u7cfb. I. <em>\u7269\u7406\u8bc4\u8bba<\/em>, 37(4), 405-426. DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRev.37.405<\/li>\n \t<li>Onsager, L. (1931). \u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5012\u6613\u5173\u7cfb. II. <em>\u7269\u7406\u8bc4\u8bba<\/em>, 38(12), 2265-2279. DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRev.38.2265<\/li>\n \t<li>V\u00e1n, P., et al. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rsta.2020.0066\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1a\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c<\/a>. <em>\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u54f2\u5b66\u6c47\u520aA<\/em>, 379(2200), 20200066. 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DOI: 10.1002\/adma.202300748<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5176\u4ed6\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/journal\/Plasma-Physics-and-Controlled-Fusion-1361-6587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u53d7\u63a7\u805a\u53d8\u671f\u520a<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66 \u2013 AIP\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/pre\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7269\u7406\u8bc4\u8bbaE \u2013 APS\u671f\u520a<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/journal\/IEEE-Transactions-on-Power-Electronics-0885-8993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IEEE\u7535\u529b\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u6c47\u520a<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4efd\u7efc\u5408\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86100\u591a\u4e2a\u6743\u5a01\u5b66\u672f\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u548c\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5341\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u57fa\u7840\u8457\u4f5c\uff08\u6c64\u68ee\u3001\u7fc1\u8428\u683c\u3001\u666e\u91cc\u6208\u91d1\u3001\u8303\u5fb7\u6ce2\u5c14\uff09\u52302024-2025\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u3002\n\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5163aac e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5163aac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VENDOR\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840 \u2013 \u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u8bc1\u660e \u6458\u8981 \u672c\u6587\u9488\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u7535\u6655\u653e\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5f0f\u7535\u529b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6097,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[256,229,166],"tags":[331,316,320,318,317,322,319,321],"class_list":["post-6115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-zh-hans","category-investors-trl-zh-hans","category-technology-zh-hans","tag-vendor-max-zh-hans","tag-316","tag-320","tag-318","tag-317","tag-322","tag-319","tag-321"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6115"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6691,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6115\/revisions\/6691"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6097"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vendor.energy\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}